碳纤维复合材料薄壁圆筒的轴向导热系数测试

碳纤维复合材料薄壁圆筒为各向异性导热，其轴向导热系数是筒体温度场理论计算、成型工艺优化的重要参数。碳纤维复合材料圆筒由于较小的截面面积给筒体加热、热量有效传递带来了较大困难。本文以平板材料导热系数的稳态法测试国家标准为基础，基于傅里叶一维稳态导热原理，设计了一套用于薄壁圆筒轴向导热系数测试的装置，采用双试件对称加热、辐射换热防护及热对流环境控制等实现了热量沿筒体轴向的有效传导，利用该装置对导热系数已知的铝筒进行测试，验证了该装置设计的可行性，得到了碳纤维复合材料薄壁圆筒的轴向导热系数为（4.60±0.13） W/(m•K)。     

Position-varying surface roughness prediction method considering compensated acceleration in milling of thin-walled workpiece

Machined surface roughness will affect parts’ service performance. Thus, predicting it in the machining is important to avoid rejects. Surface roughness will be affected by system position dependent vibration even under constant parameter with certain toolpath processing in the finishing. Aiming at surface roughness prediction in the machining process, this paper proposes a position-varying surface roughness prediction method based on compensated acceleration by using regression analysis. To reduce the stochastic error of measuring the machined surface profile height, the surface area is repeatedly measured three times, and Pauta criterion is adopted to eliminate abnormal points. The actual vibration state at any processing position is obtained through the single-point monitoring acceleration compensation model. Seven acceleration features are extracted, and valley, which has the highest R-square proving the effectiveness of the filtering features, is selected as the input of the prediction model by mutual information coefficients. Finally, by comparing the measured and predicted surface roughness curves, they have the same trends, with the average error of 16.28% and the minimum error of 0.16%. Moreover, the prediction curve matches and agrees well with the actual surface state, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the model.     

钻削GH4169高温合金薄壁件钻削力仿真研究

GH4169高温合金的薄壁钻孔与厚壁钻孔相比有特殊性,运用ABAQUS软件进行钻削GH4169高温合金薄壁件的仿真,研究钻削加工过程中钻削参数和工件厚度对钻削力的影响规律及变化特征,分析应力的分布规律。结果表明:钻削初期,横刃的挤压和主切削刃切削长度的增加使钻削力和扭矩增大;稳定钻削阶段,横刃切出后,主切削刃切削长度不变切削直径增加,钻削力和扭矩稳定增加;钻削后期,副切削刃参与切削,主切削刃切削长度减小,轴向钻削力和扭矩减小,但副刃与孔壁的挤压摩擦,曲线波动较大;钻削速度、进给量及工件厚度的增加都会导致轴向钻削力和扭矩的增加;钻削时的最大应力分布在横刃和主切削刃与工件的接触部位。     

Experimental and numerical assessment of energy absorption capacity of thin-walled Al 5083 tube produced by PTCAP process

The energy absorption capacity of the Al5083 thin-walled tube produced by parallel tubular angular pressing (PTCAP) process was evaluated. Also, microstructure, mechanical properties, and anisotropy coefficients were studied in the peripheral and axial directions. Results showed that values of energy absorption decreased with processing pass increasing and the values for the unprocessed, first and second passes were obtained to be 167, 161.4 and 160.7 J, respectively. The differences between the simulation results for the energy absorption values and their experimental values for the unprocessed, the first and the second PTCAP passes samples are about 5%, 10%, and 13%, respectively. The energy absorption capacity was related to the anisotropy coefficient and microstructure. The results demonstrated that grain refinement occurred and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and microhardness after the first and second PTCAP passes were enhanced, while the increase rate in the first pass was much severer. Also, by applying PTCAP, the deformation modes were altered, such that the deformation mode of the annealed tube was quite symmetrical and circular while for the first and second passes there have been triple and double lobes diamond. The results of the numerical simulation for the deformation mode of the annealed and PTCAPed tubes were consistent with the experimental results. The deformation mode of tubes is dependent on their mechanical properties and variation of the mechanical properties during PTCAP process.     

Comparative analysis of energy absorption behavior of tapered and grooved thin-walled tubes with the various geometry of the cross section

ABSTRACT

In this paper, Crush force efficiency (CFE), Specific Energy Absorption (SEA), Energy Absorption per Crush Length (E_cl), Maximum and average crush forces of straight and grooved tapered thin-walled tubes with various cross-section shapes (circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, hexagon, and octagon) have been studied. The effects of taper, the groove (as initiator) and their interaction have been presented in the current study using Finite Element Method as a numerical method. The tubes have the same volume, height, average cross-section area, thickness and material and have been subjected to axial and oblique dynamic loading. The results of simulations show that the section's geometry, taper and groove addition have a significant effect on energy absorption behavior and the hexagon cross section have better energy absorption behavior compared with other considered geometries. On the other hand, it was found that the behavior of these structures could improve against dynamic axial and oblique impact loading with the cost-effective geometry modifications. These results could help to improve and choose appropriate energy absorber structure based on desirable crush force and energy absorbing characteristics.     

一种用于薄壁圆环类零件的钻模

针对薄壁圆环类零件钻孔时不易找正中心、加工效率低、加工精度很难得到保证的难题,设计一种用于薄壁圆环类零件的钻模。给出钻模的整体设计,列出钻模结构图,指出钻模的使用方法及注意事项,论述其产生的经济效益。结果表明:该方法简单、实用,避免了零件在加工过程中的变形,很好地保证了零件的加工精度,提高了加工效率,降低了加工成本。     

《钢檩条、钢墙梁》(SG521-1～4)图集介绍

钢檩条、钢墙梁已广泛应用于以轻型板材围护的工业与民用建筑中,为便于设计应用,中国建筑标准设计研究院组织编制了标准图集《钢檩条、钢墙梁》(SG521-1~4)。该标准图集采用了檩条允许线荷载的表示方法分别列出了各荷载效应下檩条的允许线荷载值。对该图集的内容与应用范围作了较详细的介绍与说明,包括钢材牌号、截面类型与规格、荷载条件与适用范围、计算假定与公式、相关技术规范及设计选用表、有关布置图与详图等内容与应用方法,同时对钢檩条和钢墙梁的合理设计提出了建议。     

钢异形柱弯扭相关屈曲研究

用弹性薄壁柱理论,推导了开口任意截面柱弯扭屈曲相关方程,并由此简化到单轴对称截面、双轴对称截面经典方程。进而研究了L形柱轴向受压的承载力即φ-λ曲线,以便工程设计应用。     

大直径薄壁钢管压弯构件的稳定分析

针对我国现行钢结构设计规范未对径厚比为100以上的大直径薄壁钢管压弯构件的稳定计算作相应规定,采用非线性有限元方法,分析初始缺陷、长细比及两端作用不等弯矩等因素对该类构件稳定承载力的影响。研究结果表明,随着径厚比的逐渐增大,该类构件的稳定承载力显著降低。通过有限元分析结果及参照相关规范提出了该类压弯构件稳定承载力的建议计算公式。最后,对3根薄壁钢管压弯构件进行了试验研究,得到每个试件的荷载位移曲线、破坏屈曲和压弯极限承载力,试验荷载位移曲线与有限元方法计算得出的曲线基本吻合,实测极限荷载值与建议公式计算值偏差幅值控制在20%之内,进一步验证了该理论分析方法是有效的、可靠的,研究成果可为类似构件的设计提供依据。     

制作及安装误差对冷弯薄壁C型钢轴心压杆承载力的影响

采用柱挠度曲线法(CDC法)分析了制作和安装误差(初弯曲、初偏心)对冷弯薄壁C型钢轴心压杆承载能力的影响。分析时取有效截面,以变刚度杆件为模型,计算了当初始弯曲及偏心率分别为H/1 000、H/750和H/500时柱子曲线的变化。根据分析结果,建议现行规范对冷弯薄壁型钢构件可适当放宽其制作及安装误差的限制。